Genesis 46: Down to Egypt
God sends Jacob down to Egypt with a promise: a great nation there, and a sure return.
Where Genesis 46 sits
- In the story
- Act III, Promise: Genesis 12–50; Job
- In the Bible
- Old Testament · The Law · chapter 46 of 50 in Genesis
- In Genesis
- Jacob's line: Joseph and Judah, 37:2–50:26 · part of One family
- Before
- Genesis 45: I am Joseph
- After
- Genesis 47: Settled in Goshen
Genesis 46 summary
Jacob offers sacrifices at Beersheba, and God speaks in a night vision: do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for there I will make you a great nation; I will go down with you and will surely bring you back, and Joseph will close your eyes. Jacob and all his offspring travel in Pharaoh's wagons, and the names of those who went down are listed, seventy in all. Judah goes ahead to Goshen, Joseph meets his father, embraces him and weeps, Jacob says he can now die in peace, and Joseph prepares his brothers to tell Pharaoh they are shepherds.
Genesis 46 in context
- Speaking
- Moses, narrating; God speaks to Jacob in a vision, and Joseph and Jacob meet
- Written for
- Israel, the great nation God made in Egypt and brought up again, reading the promise their own exodus fulfilled
- Around it
- Follows the news that Joseph lives (ch. 45); the presentation to Pharaoh follows (ch. 47)
How Genesis 46 points to Christ
God goes down with His people into exile and promises to bring them up, the pattern of the exodus that reaches its fullness in Christ's own exodus (Luke 9:31; Matt 2:15)
The sections of Genesis 46
- Do not be afraid to go down46:1–4
At Beersheba God tells Jacob not to fear Egypt: He will go with him, make him a great nation, and surely bring him back.
- All his offspring46:5–7
Jacob sets out from Beersheba in Pharaoh's wagons and goes down to Egypt with all his offspring and possessions.
- The seventy46:8–27
The names of Israel's sons who went down are listed by their mothers; the house of Jacob numbers seventy.
- Reunited46:28–30
Joseph meets his father in Goshen, embraces him and weeps, and Jacob says he can now die in peace.
- Shepherds in Goshen46:31–34
Joseph tells his brothers to say they are herdsmen, so they may live apart in Goshen.
Read Genesis 46
Jacob’s Journey to Egypt
1So Israel set out with all that he had, and when he came to Beersheba, he offered sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac. 2And that night God spoke to Israel in a vision: “Jacob, Jacob!” He said.
“Here I am,” replied Jacob.
3“I am God,” He said, “the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there. 4I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will surely bring you back. And Joseph’s own hands will close your eyes.”
5Then Jacob departed from Beersheba, and the sons of Israel took their father Jacob in the wagons Pharaoh had sent to carry him, along with their children and wives. 6They also took the livestock and possessions they had acquired in the land of Canaan, and Jacob and all his offspring went to Egypt.
Those Who Went to Egypt
7Jacob took with him to Egypt his sons and grandsons, and his daughters and granddaughters—all his offspring.
The Children of Leah
8Now these are the names of the sons of Israel (Jacob and his descendants) who went to Egypt: Reuben, Jacob’s firstborn.
9The sons of Reuben: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
10The sons of Simeon: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman.
11The sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
12The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan.
The sons of Perez: Hezron and Hamul.
13The sons of Issachar: Tola, Puvah, Job, and Shimron.
14The sons of Zebulun: Sered, Elon, and Jahleel.
15These are the sons of Leah born to Jacob in Paddan-aram, in addition to his daughter Dinah. The total number of sons and daughters was thirty-three.
The Children of Zilpah
16The sons of Gad: Ziphion, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli.
17The children of Asher: Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, Beriah, and their sister Serah.
The sons of Beriah: Heber and Malchiel.
18These are the sons of Jacob born to Zilpah—whom Laban gave to his daughter Leah—sixteen in all.
The Children of Rachel
19The sons of Jacob’s wife Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.
20Manasseh and Ephraim were born to Joseph in the land of Egypt by Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On.
21The sons of Benjamin: Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard.
22These are the sons of Rachel born to Jacob—fourteen in all.
The Children of Bilhah
23The son of Dan: Hushim.
24The sons of Naphtali: Jahzeel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem.
25These are the sons of Jacob born to Bilhah, whom Laban gave to his daughter Rachel—seven in all.
26All those belonging to Jacob who came to Egypt—his direct descendants, besides the wives of Jacob’s sons—numbered sixty-six persons. 27And with the two sons who had been born to Joseph in Egypt, the members of Jacob’s family who went to Egypt were seventy in all.
Jacob Arrives in Egypt
28Now Jacob had sent Judah ahead of him to Joseph to get directions to Goshen. When Jacob’s family arrived in the land of Goshen, 29Joseph prepared his chariot and went there to meet his father Israel. Joseph presented himself to him, embraced him, and wept profusely.
30Then Israel said to Joseph, “Finally I can die, now that I have seen your face and know that you are still alive!”
31Joseph said to his brothers and to his father’s household, “I will go up and inform Pharaoh: ‘My brothers and my father’s household from the land of Canaan have come to me. 32The men are shepherds; they raise livestock, and they have brought their flocks and herds and all that they own.’
33When Pharaoh summons you and asks, ‘What is your occupation?’ 34you are to say, ‘Your servants have raised livestock ever since our youth—both we and our fathers.’ Then you will be allowed to settle in the land of Goshen, since all shepherds are detestable to the Egyptians.”
Berean Standard Bible, 34 verses. The BSB is in the public domain.
Around Genesis 46
Near it in Jacob's line: Joseph and Judah
- Genesis 38
- Genesis 39
- Genesis 40
- Genesis 41
- Genesis 42
- Genesis 43
- Genesis 44
- Genesis 45
- Genesis 47
- Genesis 48
- Genesis 49
- Genesis 50
Places
- Beersheba
- Goshen
- Egypt
Read alongside
- Exodus 1:1–5 Exodus opens with the same names and the same seventy.
- Deuteronomy 10:22 Your fathers went down to Egypt, seventy in all.
- Acts 7:14–15 Stephen gives seventy-five, following the Greek version of this list.
Chapters that point here
- Numbers 1
- Deuteronomy 26
How Genesis 46 connects
- The Exodus Line · Genesis 46:3–4 · Down to Egypt and up again: the exodus foretold (15:13–16; Exod 3:8).
- The Seed Line · Genesis 46:3 · “I will make you into a great nation there” (46:3; Exod 1:7).
- Promise · Genesis 46:3–4, kept in Exodus 1:7; Exodus 12:41; Genesis 50:13
Doctrines Genesis 46 teaches
- Providence · Genesis 46:3–4
- Worship and the Lord's Day · Genesis 46:1
Questions on Genesis 46
What does God promise Jacob at Beersheba before he goes down to Egypt?
Show the answer
Not to be afraid to go down, for there God will make him a great nation; God will go down with him and surely bring him back, and Joseph’s own hands will close his eyes (46:3–4).
Which book later opens with the same list of names?
Show the answer
Exodus. It opens, “These are the names of the sons of Israel” (Exod 1:1), the words that begin the list at 46:8, and picks up the family that went down to Egypt.
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