TheoMaps

Exodus

Outline of Exodus: Redeemed to meet God

Remembering His covenant, God redeems Israel by the lamb's blood and His mighty arm, binds them to Himself at Sinai and dwells among them.

3 parts12 movements40 chapters188 sections

Part 1 · In Egypt: the LORD redeems His people 1:1–15:21

God hears Israel's cry, sends Moses, judges Egypt and its gods by ten plagues, shelters His firstborn by the lamb's blood, and saves them at the sea.

Israel enslaved; a deliverer born 1:1–2:25

Israel multiplies under a cruel new Pharaoh; Moses is saved from the river and flees to Midian, and God remembers His covenant.

  1. 1
    Exodus 1: The more they were oppressed

    Israel multiplies in Egypt as God promised, and a fearful Pharaoh's slavery and slaughter cannot stop it.

    Fruitful and multiplied 1:1–7 · A king who did not know Joseph 1:8–14 · The midwives feared God 1:15–21 · Into the river 1:22

  2. 2
    Exodus 2: Drawn out of the water

    God preserves Moses from the river and in Midian, then hears Israel's groaning and remembers His covenant.

    A basket among the reeds 2:1–10 · Who made you ruler? 2:11–15 · A foreigner in Midian 2:16–22 · He remembered His covenant 2:23–25

The call of Moses 3:1–4:31

At the burning bush God reveals His name and sends Moses with signs and with Aaron; the elders believe and worship.

  1. 3
    Exodus 3: I AM WHO I AM

    At the burning bush God reveals His name, the LORD, and sends Moses to bring Israel out.

    The bush not consumed 3:1–6 · I have come down to rescue 3:7–10 · Who am I? 3:11–12 · My name forever 3:13–15 · I have surely attended to you 3:16–22

  2. 4
    Exodus 4: Who gave man his mouth?

    God answers Moses' objections with signs and Aaron, sends him to Pharaoh, and the elders believe and worship.

    Three signs 4:1–9 · Who gave man his mouth? 4:10–17 · Israel is My firstborn son 4:18–23 · A bridegroom of blood 4:24–26 · And they believed 4:27–31

Who is the LORD? 5:1–7:7

Pharaoh scorns the LORD and doubles the burden; God answers with His name, His sevenfold “I will,” and a renewed commission.

  1. 5
    Exodus 5: Who is the LORD?

    Pharaoh scorns the LORD's demand and doubles Israel's burden, and the beaten people turn on Moses.

    I do not know the LORD 5:1–5 · No straw 5:6–14 · You are slackers! 5:15–21 · Is this why You sent me? 5:22–23

  2. 6
    Exodus 6: I am the LORD

    God answers Moses with His name and seven “I will”s: He will redeem Israel as His people.

    Now you will see 6:1 · Seven “I will”s 6:2–8 · They did not listen 6:9–13 · The heads of their fathers' houses 6:14–25 · This Aaron and Moses 6:26–30

The plagues 7:8–11:10

Ten blows against Pharaoh and Egypt's gods, three sets of three and a last, so that Egypt and Israel know that He is the LORD.

  1. 7
    Exodus 7: The river turned to blood

    Moses and Aaron confront Pharaoh; Aaron's staff swallows the magicians' staffs, and the Nile turns to blood.

    Like God to Pharaoh 7:1–7 · Staffs and serpents 7:8–13 · In the morning, at the river 7:14–18 · The waters turned to blood 7:19–25

  2. 8
    Exodus 8: The finger of God

    Frogs, gnats and flies strike Egypt; the magicians confess God's finger, and Goshen is set apart.

    Frogs 8:1–7 · No one like the LORD 8:8–15 · This is the finger of God 8:16–19 · A distinction between My people 8:20–24 · Not very far 8:25–32

  3. 9
    Exodus 9: For this very purpose

    A livestock plague, boils and hail strike Egypt; God raised Pharaoh up to display His power and proclaim His name.

    Livestock 9:1–7 · Boils 9:8–12 · That My name might be proclaimed 9:13–21 · Hail and fire 9:22–26 · This time I have sinned 9:27–35

  4. 10
    Exodus 10: A palpable darkness

    Locusts eat what the hail left and darkness covers Egypt, while Israel has light and Pharaoh's offers fail.

    Tell your children 10:1–2 · How long? 10:3–11 · Locusts 10:12–20 · Darkness 10:21–29

  5. 11
    Exodus 11: One more plague

    God announces the last plague: at midnight every firstborn in Egypt will die, but not one in Israel.

    One more plague 11:1–3 · About midnight 11:4–8 · That My wonders may be multiplied 11:9–10

Passover and the going out 12:1–13:16

At midnight the LORD strikes Egypt's firstborn and passes over the houses marked with blood; Israel goes out and must remember.

  1. 12
    Exodus 12: When I see the blood

    The LORD passes over houses marked by the lamb's blood, strikes Egypt's firstborn, and brings Israel out.

    The lamb and the blood 12:1–13 · A permanent statute 12:14–20 · What does this service mean? 12:21–28 · At midnight 12:29–36 · To the very day 12:37–42 · The statute of the Passover 12:43–51

  2. 13
    Exodus 13: Consecrate to Me every firstborn

    Every firstborn is the LORD's, sons are taught the feast, and God leads Israel by a pillar.

    The firstborn belongs to Me 13:1–2 · Remember this day 13:3–10 · I redeem all the firstborn of my sons 13:11–16 · Not by the road of the Philistines 13:17–19 · A pillar of cloud and of fire 13:20–22

The sea and the Song 13:17–15:21

God leads Israel by the pillar to the sea, opens a dry path, drowns Pharaoh's army, and Israel believes and sings.

  1. 14
    Exodus 14: Stand firm and you will see the LORD's salvation

    The LORD opens the sea for Israel and drowns Pharaoh's army, and Israel fears and believes Him.

    I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh 14:1–4 · The pursuit 14:5–9 · Do not be afraid. Stand firm 14:10–14 · Go forward 14:15–20 · On dry ground 14:21–25 · That day the LORD saved Israel 14:26–31

  2. 15
    Exodus 15: The LORD will reign forever and ever

    Israel sings of the LORD's triumph at the sea; at Marah He sweetens bitter water and promises healing.

    Horse and rider 15:1–12 · To Your holy dwelling 15:13–18 · Miriam's tambourine 15:19–21 · The LORD who heals you 15:22–26 · Elim 15:27

Part 2 · In the wilderness: the LORD provides 15:22–18:27

On the way to Sinai the LORD tests His grumbling people and provides: sweet water, bread from heaven, water from the rock, victory and order.

Tests on the way 15:22–17:16

Bitter water, hunger, thirst and Amalek test Israel; the LORD heals, feeds, gives water from the rock, and fights for them.

  1. 16
    Exodus 16: Bread from heaven

    God answers Israel's grumbling with quail and daily manna, testing them and teaching the Sabbath rest.

    The whole congregation grumbled 16:1–3 · I will rain down bread from heaven 16:4–12 · What is it? 16:13–21 · A holy Sabbath to the LORD 16:22–30 · Kept before the Testimony 16:31–36

  2. 17
    Exodus 17: Is the LORD among us or not?

    Water flows from the rock Moses strikes at Massah, and Israel defeats Amalek while Moses' hands are lifted up.

    Massah and Meribah 17:1–7 · The Amalekites came 17:8–13 · The LORD Is My Banner 17:14–16

Jethro's visit 18:1–27

Jethro hears what the LORD has done, confesses Him greater than all other gods, and counsels Moses to share the judging.

  1. 18
    Exodus 18: Greater than all other gods

    Jethro confesses the LORD greater than all other gods and counsels Moses to share the judging with capable men.

    Now I know 18:1–12 · What you are doing is not good 18:13–23 · Leaders of thousands 18:24–27

Part 3 · At Sinai: the LORD dwells with His people 19:1–40:38

At Sinai God covenants with His redeemed people, gives the tabernacle's pattern, renews the broken covenant in mercy, and fills His dwelling.

The covenant made 19:1–24:18

God comes down on Sinai, speaks the Ten Commandments, gives His ordinances, and the covenant is sealed with blood.

  1. 19
    Exodus 19: On eagles' wings

    At Sinai God offers His redeemed people a covenant, then descends on the mountain in fire and cloud.

    Before the mountain 19:1–2 · A kingdom of priests 19:3–6 · We will do everything that the LORD has spoken 19:7–8 · Be prepared for the third day 19:9–15 · The LORD descended in fire 19:16–19 · Put a boundary around the mountain 19:20–25

  2. 20
    Exodus 20: The Ten Commandments

    The LORD who brought Israel out speaks the Ten Commandments, and the terrified people ask for a mediator.

    Who brought you out 20:1–2 · Toward God 20:3–11 · Toward neighbor 20:12–17 · Speak to us yourself 20:18–21 · An altar of earth 20:22–26

  3. 21
    Exodus 21: These are the ordinances

    God's ordinances begin: limits on servitude, death for murder and kidnapping, and justice for injury.

    The ordinances 21:1 · Hebrew servants 21:2–11 · Surely put to death 21:12–17 · Eye for eye 21:18–27 · If an ox gores 21:28–36

  4. 22
    Exodus 22: For I am compassionate

    God orders restitution for theft and loss, and charges Israel to protect the foreigner, widow, orphan and poor.

    A thief must make full restitution 22:1–15 · If a man seduces a virgin 22:16–17 · Set apart for destruction 22:18–20 · I will surely hear their cry 22:21–27 · My holy people 22:28–31

  5. 23
    Exodus 23: Behold, I am sending an angel before you

    God commands just courts, Sabbaths and feasts, and promises His Angel to lead Israel into the land.

    Do not pervert justice 23:1–9 · The seventh year and the seventh day 23:10–13 · Three times a year 23:14–19 · My Name is in him 23:20–23 · Little by little 23:24–33

  6. 24
    Exodus 24: This is the blood of the covenant

    Israel pledges obedience, the covenant is sealed with blood, and the elders eat and drink before God.

    Worship at a distance 24:1–2 · The blood of the covenant 24:3–8 · They saw Him, and they ate and drank 24:9–11 · Forty days and forty nights 24:12–18

The pattern for God's dwelling 25:1–31:18

On the mountain God shows Moses the pattern of the tabernacle, its priesthood and offerings, so that He may dwell among them.

  1. 25
    Exodus 25: That I may dwell among them

    God calls for willing gifts for a sanctuary to dwell in, and designs the ark, table and lampstand.

    Make a sanctuary for Me 25:1–9 · The ark and the mercy seat 25:10–22 · The table and its bread 25:23–30 · The lampstand 25:31–40

  2. 26
    Exodus 26: The veil will separate

    God designs the tabernacle: linen curtains, coverings, a gold-covered frame, and a veil before the Most Holy Place.

    Ten curtains 26:1–6 · A tent over the tabernacle 26:7–14 · Upright frames 26:15–30 · The veil 26:31–35 · A curtain for the entrance 26:36–37

  3. 27
    Exodus 27: An altar of acacia wood

    God orders the bronze altar, the linen-hung courtyard, and oil for a lamp that burns always.

    The altar 27:1–8 · The courtyard of the tabernacle 27:9–19 · To keep the lamps burning continually 27:20–21

  4. 28
    Exodus 28: For glory and splendor

    God sets apart Aaron and his sons as priests, with holy garments that carry Israel's names before Him.

    So that he may serve Me as priest 28:1–5 · The ephod 28:6–14 · The breastpiece of judgment 28:15–30 · The robe of the ephod 28:31–35 · HOLY TO THE LORD 28:36–38 · Tunics for Aaron's sons 28:39–43

  5. 29
    Exodus 29: I will dwell among the Israelites

    Priests are consecrated by blood and oil, lambs offered daily, and God promises to dwell among Israel.

    To consecrate them 29:1–9 · A sin offering 29:10–14 · A pleasing aroma 29:15–18 · The ram of ordination 29:19–28 · Seven days 29:29–37 · A regular burnt offering 29:38–42 · That I may dwell among them 29:43–46

  6. 30
    Exodus 30: A ransom for his life

    God orders the incense altar, a ransom for every life counted, the bronze basin, and holy oil and incense.

    An altar to burn incense 30:1–10 · A ransom for his life 30:11–16 · A bronze basin 30:17–21 · A sacred anointing oil 30:22–33 · It shall be most holy to you 30:34–38

  7. 31
    Exodus 31: A sign between Me and you

    God fills Bezalel with His Spirit, makes the Sabbath Israel's covenant sign, and gives the tablets.

    I have called by name Bezalel 31:1–11 · Surely you must keep My Sabbaths 31:12–17 · Inscribed by the finger of God 31:18

The covenant broken and renewed 32:1–34:35

Israel worships a golden calf; Moses intercedes, and the LORD proclaims His merciful name and renews the covenant.

  1. 32
    Exodus 32: These, O Israel, are your gods

    Israel worships a golden calf and breaks the covenant; Moses pleads for them, appealing to God's oath.

    Come, make us gods 32:1–6 · Remember Your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Israel 32:7–14 · The tablets shattered 32:15–20 · Out came this calf 32:21–24 · Whoever is for the LORD 32:25–29 · Blot me out of the book 32:30–35

  2. 33
    Exodus 33: My Presence will go with you

    God threatens to withdraw His presence, Moses pleads for it, and the LORD promises to go with them.

    I will not go with you 33:1–6 · Face to face 33:7–11 · My Presence will go with you 33:12–17 · Please show me Your glory 33:18–23

  3. 34
    Exodus 34: The LORD, the LORD God, compassionate and gracious

    The LORD proclaims His compassionate and just name, renews the covenant, and Moses returns with a shining face.

    Like the originals 34:1–4 · The name of the LORD 34:5–9 · Behold, I am making a covenant 34:10–17 · Feasts, firstborn and Sabbath 34:18–26 · The Ten Commandments 34:27–28 · His face was radiant 34:29–35

The dwelling built and filled 35:1–40:38

The people give freely, the craftsmen make everything as the LORD commanded, and His glory fills the finished tabernacle.

  1. 35
    Exodus 35: Everyone whose heart is willing

    Moses restates the Sabbath and calls for gifts and workers, and the people give freely for God's dwelling.

    For six days work may be done 35:1–3 · An offering to the LORD 35:4–9 · Every skilled craftsman among you 35:10–19 · Everyone whose heart stirred him 35:20–29 · Filled with the Spirit of God 35:30–35

  2. 36
    Exodus 36: More than enough

    The people give more than enough, and the craftsmen make the tabernacle's curtains, frames and veil as commanded.

    The people are bringing more than enough 36:1–7 · Curtains and coverings 36:8–19 · Frames and crossbars 36:20–34 · The veil and the entrance 36:35–38

  3. 37
    Exodus 37: Bezalel went on to construct the ark

    Bezalel makes the ark and mercy seat, table, lampstand and incense altar, and the holy oil and incense.

    The ark and the mercy seat 37:1–9 · The table 37:10–16 · The lampstand 37:17–24 · The incense altar 37:25–28 · Oil and incense 37:29

  4. 38
    Exodus 38: The inventory for the tabernacle

    The bronze altar, basin and courtyard are made, and the metals given for the work are counted.

    The altar of burnt offering 38:1–7 · The bronze basin 38:8 · The courtyard 38:9–20 · This is the inventory 38:21–31

  5. 39
    Exodus 39: Just as the LORD had commanded Moses

    The priestly garments are made as commanded, the work is finished, and Moses sees it and blesses them.

    The ephod 39:1–7 · The breastpiece 39:8–21 · The robe 39:22–26 · HOLY TO THE LORD 39:27–31 · All the work was completed 39:32–41 · Moses blessed them 39:42–43

  6. 40
    Exodus 40: The glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle

    Moses raises the tabernacle as commanded, and the glory of the LORD fills it and leads Israel on.

    You are to set up the tabernacle 40:1–16 · So Moses finished the work 40:17–33 · The glory filled the tabernacle 40:34–35 · Throughout all their journeys 40:36–38

Plus What TheoMaps holds for the outline of Exodus

  • The 188 section notes, one for every section of Exodus
  • How each of its 12 movements leads into the next, in its own words
  • The shape of Exodus: 8 repeated words and phrases and 17 literary patterns

TheoMaps Plus opens the Outline of every book the way Genesis is open, on the map.

Written and reviewed by AJ Reyes. Reviewed . How we write the notes

Sources for these notes (82)
  • The Reformation Heritage KJV Study Bible, ed. Joel R. Beeke
  • The Reformation Study Bible (ESV), ed. R. C. Sproul
  • A Study Commentary on Exodus (2 vols.), John D. Currid (EP Study Commentary)
  • Notes on Exodus, Thomas L. Constable
  • Overview of the Book of Exodus, Richard L. Pratt Jr. (from the NIV Spirit of the Reformation Study Bible), Reformed Answers
  • Reformation Study Bible, Introduction to Exodus (web copy)
  • ESV Global Study Bible, Introduction to Exodus
  • Pentateuchal Studies Today, Gordon J. Wenham, Themelios
  • Exodus-date exchange, B. G. Wood and J. K. Hoffmeier, JETS 50/2 (2007)
  • The Rise and Fall of the 13th-Century Exodus-Conquest Theory, Bryant G. Wood, JETS 48/3 (2005) 475–89 (ABR repost)
  • The Biblical Date for the Exodus Is 1446 BC: A Response to James Hoffmeier, Bryant G. Wood, JETS 50/2 (2007) 249–58 (ABR repost)
  • Amenhotep II and the Historicity of the Exodus-Pharaoh, Douglas Petrovich, TMSJ 17/1 (2006) 81–110 (ABR repost)
  • On the 430 years (Exod 12:40), Paul J. Ray Jr., Bible and Spade (2007) (ABR repost)
  • Five Views on the Exodus, ed. Mark D. Janzen (Zondervan, 2021), publisher page
  • Red Sea or Reed Sea?, Bernard F. Batto, BAR 10/4 (1984)
  • New Evidence from Egypt on the Location of the Exodus Sea Crossing, Part II, Gary A. Byers, ABR (2006)
  • Review of J. K. Hoffmeier, Ancient Israel in Sinai (OUP 2005), Richard S. Hess, Denver Journal (2007)
  • Mount Sinai Is Not Jebel al-Lawz in Saudi Arabia, Gordon Franz, ABR (2007)
  • Why Mount Horeb …, Peter van der Veen (2023), UCA repository
  • Review of Colin J. Humphreys, The Miracles of Exodus, Themelios 29.3
  • Searching for Biblical Mt. Sinai, Bible History Daily (Biblical Archaeology Society, 2014)
  • A Defense of the Hyperbolic Interpretation of Large Numbers in the Old Testament, David M. Fouts, JETS 40/3 (1997) 377–87
  • The Numbers in the Exodus from Egypt: A Further Appraisal, Colin J. Humphreys, Science and Christian Belief 12 (2000) 17–34 (revision of VT 48 [1998] 196–213)
  • Large Numbers in the Old Testament, John W. Wenham, TynBul 18 (1967) 19–53
  • The Number of Israelites in the Exodus, Bryant G. Wood, ABR
  • From Seventy to More than a Million, TurretinFan, Alpha and Omega Ministries blog (2009)
  • A Commentary on the Book of Exodus, Umberto Cassuto (Magnes; Eng. 1967), publisher preview (preface and contents)
  • The Literary Unity of the Exodus Narrative, Gary A. Rendsburg, in Hoffmeier, Millard and Rendsburg (eds.), 'Did I Not Bring Israel Out of Egypt?' (Eisenbrauns, 2016) 113–32
  • On counting the plagues, Martin Lockshin, TheTorah.com (2025)
  • Carmen Maris Algosi: An Exegetical Study of Exodus 15:1–18, Robert V. McCabe (ThM thesis, Grace Theological Seminary, 1981)
  • Exodus (Cambridge Bible, 1911), S. R. Driver, on ch. 15
  • A Literary Structural Overview of Exod 25–40, Ralph E. Hendrix, AUSS 30.2 (1992) 123–38
  • A Literary Structural Analysis of the Golden-Calf Episode in Exodus 32:1–33:6, Ralph E. Hendrix, AUSS 28.3 (1990) 211–17
  • The Tabernacle: Mountain of God in the Cultus of Israel, L. Michael Morales, Interpreter 37 (2020) 97–140 (adapted from The Tabernacle Pre-Figured, 2012)
  • Bible Hub Hebrew text pages (e.g., Exod 40:33; 30:34; 31:12; Gen 2:2)
  • The Tabernacle, Creation, and the Ideal of an Orderly World, N. S. Cohn, TheTorah.com (2015)
  • Sabbath as Alternative, Walter Brueggemann, Word & World 36.3 (2016) (cites Blenkinsopp, CBQ 38 [1976]; Kearney; Levenson)
  • Creation and Liturgy: The P Redaction of Ex 25–40, Peter J. Kearney, ZAW 89.3 (1977) 375–87
  • The Seven Days of Creation in Exodus 25–30, Joel Garver (notes by James B. Jordan), Biblical Horizons 48 (1993)
  • On Exaggerating Creation's Role in Biblical Law and Ethics, Richard Neville, TynBul 66.1 (2015) 1–17
  • Law and Narrative in Exodus 19–24, Joe M. Sprinkle, JETS 47/2 (2004) 235–52
  • Review of J. M. Sprinkle, 'The Book of the Covenant': A Literary Approach, T. Desmond Alexander, Themelios 21.1
  • The Two Tables of the Covenant, Meredith G. Kline, WTJ 22.2 (1960) 133–46
  • Ten Commandments, Two Tablets: The Shape of the Decalogue, David L. Baker, Themelios 30.3 (2005)
  • Bible Gateway, KJV text of Exod 8, 9, 39, 40 and Exod 23:20 with Mal 3:1, Matt 11:10 and Mark 1:2 (refrain and wording checks)
  • Set Free to Serve, Lois Tverberg, En-Gedi Resource Center
  • The Glory of God in Salvation through Judgment: The Centre of Biblical Theology?, James M. Hamilton Jr., TynBul 57.1 (2006) 57–84
  • A Biblical Theology of Israel's Exodus out of Egypt, L. Michael Morales, Themelios 51.1 (2026)
  • The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15: One More Time, G. K. Beale, JETS 55.4 (2012) 697–715
  • The Davidic Messiah in Luke-Acts (dissertation summary), Mark L. Strauss, TynBul 44.2 (1993)
  • How Jesus Understood the Last Supper: A Parable in Action, David Wenham, Themelios 20.2
  • Passover and Last Supper, Robin Routledge, TynBul 53.2 (2002) 203–21
  • Meditations and Discourses on the Glory of Christ, pt. 1, ch. 8, John Owen
  • Sermon Notes: Exodus 34:6–7 in Biblical-Theological Context, David Schrock (2011)
  • Article on the royal priesthood of Exod 19:6 and the restoration of the image of God (title begins 'Restoring the Image of God'), David Schrock, SBJT 22.2 (2018) 25–60
  • Veiled Hearts: The Translation and Interpretation of 2 Corinthians 3, Duane A. Garrett, JETS 53.4 (2010) 729–72
  • An Exegetical and Theological Consideration of the Hardening of Pharaoh's Heart in Exodus 4–14 and Romans 9, G. K. Beale, Trinity Journal 5 NS (1984) 129–54
  • Institutes of the Christian Religion 1.18, John Calvin (CCEL)
  • Harmony of the Law, on Exod 4:21, John Calvin
  • Baking Clay Pots: Subtracting Water or Adding Hardness?, TurretinFan, Alpha and Omega Ministries (2009)
  • Review of Andrew Malone, Knowing Jesus in the Old Testament?, Paul Wells, Evangelical Times (2015)
  • Who Is the Angel of the LORD?, Paul D. Wegner, Gateway Seminary Journal 1.1 (2025)
  • Did Jesus Save the People out of Egypt? A Re-examination of a Textual Problem in Jude 5, Philipp F. Bartholomä, NovT 50 (2008) 143–58, catalogue
  • Bible Hub ESV/KJV verse pages (Acts 7; Mark 1:2; John 6:31; 2 Cor 3:16; Heb 9:20; Jude 5; 1 Cor 10:9)
  • Old Testament Quotations in the New Testament, Felix Just
  • Old Testament Passages in the New Testament, Precept Austin
  • Above and Beyond: Seventeenth-Century Particular Baptist Covenant Theology, Samuel D. Renihan, SBJT 26.1 (2022) 90-114
  • The Confession of 1689 and Covenant Theology, Jeffrey D. Johnson, Founders Ministries (2017)
  • The Division of Old Testament Law, Tom Hicks, Founders Ministries (2016)
  • Covenant Theology: The Law, Justification, and Sanctification, Tom Hicks, Founders Ministries (2018)
  • The Moral Law Doth For Ever Bind All, Jon English Lee, Founders Journal 115
  • The Display of Glorious Grace, Benjamin Keach (1698), Digital Puritan transcription
  • Review of S. Renihan, The Mystery of Christ, His Covenant, and His Kingdom (part 2), Guy Davies, Exiled Preacher (2020)
  • A Simple Defense of Sunday, the Lord's Day, as the Christian Sabbath, D. Scott Meadows, Herald of Grace (2023)
  • A Sabbath Remains: The Place of Hebrews 4:9 …, Robert P. Martin, Reformed Baptist Theological Review 1:2 (2004)
  • On Heb 4:9–10 and the Lord's Day, Richard C. Barcellos, Journal of the Institute of Reformed Baptist Studies 6 (2019)
  • The Second London Baptist Confession of Faith (1689)
  • An Exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews, John Owen
  • A Discourse of the Covenants, Nehemiah Coxe (1681)
  • Exposition of the Old and New Testaments, John Gill
  • NET Bible, Exodus 21:22 translation notes
  • John Calvin, Harmony of the Law, comments on Exodus 32:12–14